Kurs: - Intermediate

Modul: Passive Voice

Autor: prof. Gordana Matorkić

Naziv jedinice: Passive Voice

THE PASSIVE VOICE (PASIV)

Glagoli imaju dva stanja: AKTIV ili radno stanje i PASIV ili trpno stanje.

·          Ako subjekat rečenice vrši radnju, onda je glagol u AKTIVU

Somebody cleans the office every day. (Neko čisti ovu kancelariju svakog dana.)

·          Ako subjekat rečenice trpi radnju, onda je glagol u PASIVU.

The office is cleaned every day. (Ova kancelarija se čisti svakog dana.)

·          Objekat aktivne rečenice (the office) postaje subjekat pasivne rečenice i dolazi na početak rečenice, a glavni glagol (clean) se stavlja u pasiv (is cleaned).

·          Pasiv se gradi od odgovarajućeg oblika glagola to be i past participle-a (prošlog participa) glavnog glagola.

Tako će u sadašnjem vremenu pasiv glagola clean glasiti

am cleaned, are cleaned, is cleaned (u zavisnosti od lica)

a u prošlom vremenu

was cleaned, were cleaned (u zavisnosti od lica)

Rečenica koju smo imali u sadašnjem vremenu, ovako bi izgledala u prošlom.

Somebody cleaned the office yesterday. (Neko je juče očistio ovu kancelariju.) (AKTIV)

The office was cleaned yesterday. (Ova kancelarija je očišćena juče.) (PASIV)

Ostala vremena pasiva

Present Continuous

Somebody is cleaning the office. (AKTIV)

The office is being cleaned. (PASIV)

Past Continuous

Somebody was cleaning the office. (AKTIV)

The office was being cleaned. (PASIV)

Present Perfect

Somebody has cleaned the office. (AKTIV)

The office has been cleaned. (PASIV)

Past Perfect

Somebody had cleaned the office. (AKTIV)

The office had been cleaned. (PASIV)

Modali

Somebody will clean the office. (AKTIV)

The office will be cleaned. (PASIV)

Somebody can clean the office. (AKTIV)

The office can be cleaned. (PASIV)

Upotreba:

Pasiv se koristi

·          Kada ne znamo ko je izvršio radnju

The house was built in the 19th century. (Kuća je izgrađena u 19.-om veku.)

·          Kada izvršilac radnje nije bitan.

Wine is served during the lunch. (Vino se služi tokom ručka.)

·          Ako želimo da označimo izvršioca radnje, koristimo predlog by.

These cakes have been made by mother. (Ove kolače je napravila moja majka.)

Napomena: Samo prelazni glagoli (glagoli koji imaju objekat iza sebe) mogu da se stave u pasiv.